Fed Zan D

FED ZAN DFED ZAN D: FED ZAN D xantahn gum is a high-molecular weight biopolymer used for increasing viscosity in water-base systems. Small quantities provide viscosity and weight material suspension for all water-base med systems. FED ZAN D has the unique ability to produce a fluid that is highly shear-thinning and thixotropicPropertiesPhysical appearance- Cream-to-tan powderSpecific gravity- 1.5Bulk density- 50 Ib/ft 3 (800 kg/m3)ApplicationsThe primary function of FED ZAN D is to increase viscosity for cuttings transport and suspension. FED ZAN D will perform effectively in all water-base fluids, from highly weighted to low-solids systems. This includes freshwater, seawater, salt and heavy-brine systems. FED ZAN D works to provide an optimized rheological profile with elevated low-shear-rate viscosity and highly shear-thinning characteristics with low "n" values. These characteristics frequently result in fluids with inverted flow properties, i.e., the yield point being greater than the plastic viscosity. Shear-thinning fluids have low effective viscosities at the high shear rates encountered inside the drillstring and at the bit. This low effective viscosity for minimal pressure losses and standpipe pressures allows optimized hydraulics and maximized rates of penetrations. Conversely, at the low shear rates experienced in the annulus, FED ZAN D enables the fluid to have a high effective viscosity for adequately cleaning the well and suspending cuttings. FED ZAN D should be added slowly through the hopper to prevent lumping and minimize waste. It should be added at the rate of approximately one 25-lb sack every 7 minutes. The time required for the product to yield its ultimate viscosity depends on salinity, temperature and shear. The amount  of FED ZAN D required will depend upon the desired viscosity. Normal concentrations range from 0.25 to 2 lb/bbl (0.71 to 5.7 kg/m3) for most mud systems. Special fluids and difficult hole-cleaning conditions may require higher concentrations - up to 4 lb/bbl (11.4 kg/m3). The addition of salt, an antioxidant and thermal stabilizers will improve temperature stability in fluids from 250 to >280OF (121 to 138OC). Specially formulated systems have been used at temperatures of 400OF (204OC). FED ZAN D is subject to bacterial degradation, and treatments with a biocide are recommended to prevent fermentation.AdvantagesHighly effective viscosifer; small treatments produce significant resultsShear-thinning rheological profile for improved hydraulicsMinimum frictional pressure losses for additional hydraulic horsepower at the bit and low, high- shear-rate viscosity for maximum prenetration ratesViscous laminar flow in the annulus for improved wellbore stability with maximum hole-cleaning and suspension capacityEasy to mixLimitationsTrivalent ions such as chromium and iron may cause biopolymer precipitation and loss of viscosity or crosslinkingNot tolerant of high-pH or high- calcium-ion conditionsFED ZAN D systems should be pretreated with either sodium bicarbonate or SAPP and possibly citric acid prior to drilling cementSubject to bacterial degradation, a biocide should be used to prevent fermentationSlightly anionic nature of FED ZAN D requires mixing procedures when mixed with cationic materialsToxicity and HandlingBioassay information is available upon request. Handle as an industrial chemical, wearing protective equipment and observing the precaution as described on the Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS). FED ZAN D has excellent environmental acceptabilityPackaging & StorageFED ZAN D is packaged in 25-Ib (11.3-kg) plastic-lined, multiwall, paper sacks. Store in a dry location away from sources of heat or ignition and minimize dust